Soluble CD23 in allergic diseases.

CD23, a differentiation marker of B cells is identified with the low-affinity receptor for IgE--FcepsilonRII. The CD23 molecule is continuously cleaved by autoproteolysis into soluble fragments called sCD23, considered as a multifunctional cytokine. sCD23 is supposed to play an important role in IgE synthesis. IgE is a hallmark of atopy and its overproduction is a characteristic feature of allergic diseases. The aim of this study was to determine sCD23 (25 kDA) serum levels in patients with inhalant allergy and hymenoptera venom-induced allergy with relevance to IgE system. The trial consisted of 18 patients with pollinosis, 25 with house dust mite allergy and 12 with hymenoptera venom-induced allergy. Eighteen healthy volunteers without signs of atopy served as a control group. Serum levels of sCD23 (25 kDa), total IgE and allergen specific IgE were measured as well. The results were presented as median value, 25-75% range and a total value range. Nonparametric tests (the U Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal and Wallis test and Spearman's correlation rang test) were used. In patients with allergic disorders serum levels of sCD23 were significantly higher than in the control group (p<0.05). No correlation between IgE levels and sCD23 was detected in all the investigated groups. sCD23 does not appear to be a hallmark of allergic diseases, however serum level of that molecule is significantly elevated in patients suffering from allergic disorders. No correlation between sCD23 and IgE has been observed. sCD23 serum level has no relevance to the types of allergic diseases.