Adnexal torsion and pulmonary embolism: case report and review of the literature.

The classical teaching was that twisted adnexa should be resected and not untwisted, so as not to increase the risk of pulmonary embolism (PE). A patient recently was seen who developed PE after adnexal resection. Because this complication followed the conventional management of salpingo-oophorectomy, the literature was examined for cases of adnexal torsion and PE to see if the operative management (untwisting vs. excision without untwisting) could be implicated as a contributing factor. Three hundred nine cases of adnexal torsion managed by untwisting and 672 cases treated by adnexectomy without detorsion (untwisting) were found. The incidence of PE after adnexal torsion was 0.2 percent, and this incidence was not increased when the adnexa were untwisted. Therefore, we conclude that detorsion of twisted adnexa does not increase the risk of PE, compared with excision without untwisting. PE does occur in cases in which adnexal resection is performed without untwisting. Thus, detorsion of twisted adnexa should be considered at laparoscopy or laparotomy without fear of increasing the incidence of PE.