[Cerebral blood flow (CBF) before and after cranioplasty performed during the chronic stage after decompressive craniectomy evaluated by xenon-enhanced computerized tomography (Xe-CT) CBF scanning].

Patients who undergo decompressive craniectomy for the purpose of prevention of cerebral herniation sometimes improve neurologically or increase activity of daily life after cranioplasty during the chronic stage. We studied the effect which cranioplasty at the chronic stage had on intracranial environment by means of xenon-enhanced computerized tomography (Xe-CT) CBF scanning. Eight patients underwent decompressive craniectomy at the acute stage and cranioplasty at the chronic stage was reviewed. Xe-CT CBF scanning was performed before and after cranioplasty. On the slice of the basal ganglia. CBF of the symptomatic hemisphere increased in five patients and CBF of the other hemisphere increased in three patients after cranioplasty. On the slice 20 mm above the basal ganglia, CBF of the symptomatic hemisphere increased in five patients and CBF of the other hemisphere increased in four patients after cranioplasty. Cranioplasty after decompressive craniectomy may increase CBF of not only the symptomatic hemisphere but also the other hemisphere.