OBJECTIVES: To determine demographic and behavioural factors and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) associated with prevalent HIV-1 infection among brothel based and other female sex workers (FSWs) in Chiang Rai, northern Thailand. METHODS: Data were collected from questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory evaluations on Thai FSWs enrolled in a prospective cohort study in Chiang Rai, Thailand, from 1991 to the end of 1994. RESULTS: HIV-1 seroprevalence was 32% among 500 women: 47% for 280 brothel workers and 13% for 220 other FSWs (p < 0.001); 96% of infections were due to HIV-1 subtype E. At enrolment, other STIs were common: chlamydia, 20%; gonorrhoea, 15%; active syphilis (serological diagnosis), 9%; genital ulcer, 12%; seroreactivity to Haemophilus ducreyi, 21%, and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), 76%. On multiple logistic regression analysis, HIV-1 was associated with brothel work, birth in upper northern Thailand, initiation of commercial sex at < 15 years of age, syphilis, HSV-2 seropositivity, and genital ulcer. CONCLUSIONS: Young Thai FSWs working in brothels in northern Thailand in the early phase of the HIV epidemic have been at very high risk for HIV-1 infection and several other STIs. Programmes are needed to prevent girls and young women from entering the sex industry and to reduce the risk of infection with HIV-1 and other STIs.
OBJECTIVES: To determine demographic and behavioural factors and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) associated with prevalent HIV-1 infection among brothel based and other female sex workers (FSWs) in Chiang Rai, northern Thailand. METHODS: Data were collected from questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory evaluations on Thai FSWs enrolled in a prospective cohort study in Chiang Rai, Thailand, from 1991 to the end of 1994. RESULTS:HIV-1 seroprevalence was 32% among 500 women: 47% for 280 brothel workers and 13% for 220 other FSWs (p < 0.001); 96% of infections were due to HIV-1 subtype E. At enrolment, other STIs were common: chlamydia, 20%; gonorrhoea, 15%; active syphilis (serological diagnosis), 9%; genital ulcer, 12%; seroreactivity to Haemophilus ducreyi, 21%, and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), 76%. On multiple logistic regression analysis, HIV-1 was associated with brothel work, birth in upper northern Thailand, initiation of commercial sex at < 15 years of age, syphilis, HSV-2 seropositivity, and genital ulcer. CONCLUSIONS: Young Thai FSWs working in brothels in northern Thailand in the early phase of the HIV epidemic have been at very high risk for HIV-1 infection and several other STIs. Programmes are needed to prevent girls and young women from entering the sex industry and to reduce the risk of infection with HIV-1 and other STIs.
Authors: D Sánchez-Martínez; D S Schmid; W Whittington; D Brown; W C Reeves; S Chatterjee; R J Whitley; P E Pellett Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 1991-12 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: B G Weniger; K Limpakarnjanarat; K Ungchusak; S Thanprasertsuk; K Choopanya; S Vanichseni; T Uneklabh; P Thongcharoen; C Wasi Journal: AIDS Date: 1991 Impact factor: 4.177
Authors: C P Pau; S Lee-Thomas; W Auwanit; J R George; C Y Ou; B S Parekh; T C Granade; D L Holloman; S Phillips; G Schochetman Journal: AIDS Date: 1993-03 Impact factor: 4.177
Authors: T Nopkesorn; P A Mock; T D Mastro; S Sangkharomya; M Sweat; K Limpakarnjanarat; J Laosakkitiboran; N L Young; S A Morse; S Schmid; B G Weniger Journal: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol Date: 1998-08-01
Authors: T Nopkesorn; T D Mastro; S Sangkharomya; M Sweat; P Singharaj; K Limpakarnjanarat; H D Gayle; B G Weniger Journal: AIDS Date: 1993-09 Impact factor: 4.177
Authors: M Desjardins; C E Thompson; L G Filion; J O Ndinya-Achola; F A Plummer; A R Ronald; P Piot; D W Cameron Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 1992-08 Impact factor: 5.948
Authors: Alfredo Mejia; Christian T Bautista; Luis Leal; Claudia Ayala; Franklyn Prieto; Fernando de la Hoz; Martha L Alzate; Jacqueline Acosta; Jose L Sanchez Journal: J Immigr Minor Health Date: 2007-10-14
Authors: Gustavo H Kijak; Sodsai Tovanabutra; Supachai Rerks-Ngarm; Sorachai Nitayaphan; Chirapa Eamsila; Prayura Kunasol; Chirasak Khamboonruang; Prasert Thongcharoen; Chawetsan Namwat; Nakorn Premsri; Michael Benenson; Patricia Morgan; Meera Bose; Eric Sanders-Buell; Robert Paris; Merlin L Robb; Deborah L Birx; Mark S De Souza; Francine E McCutchan; Nelson L Michael; Jerome H Kim Journal: J Virol Date: 2013-04-10 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Eileen V Pitpitan; Seth C Kalichman; Lisa A Eaton; Steffanie A Strathdee; Thomas L Patterson Journal: Curr HIV/AIDS Rep Date: 2013-03 Impact factor: 5.071
Authors: Thuong Vu Nguyen; Nghia Van Khuu; Phong Hoai Truong; Anh Phuong Nguyen; Lien Xuan Thi Truong; Roger Detels Journal: AIDS Behav Date: 2008-12-16