Construct validation of the Transcultural Self-Efficacy Tool.

The study was designed to further validate the Transcultural Self-Efficacy Tool (TSET) by identifying: (a) the presence and growth in transcultural self-efficacy (TSE) perceptions over time, and (b) select demographic variables influencing differences in TSE percepts among student groups. The TSET was administered to 566 culturally diverse students enrolled as first-semester (novice) students or fourth-semester (advanced) students in undergraduate nursing programs. The results supported the conclusion that TSE is a dynamic construct that changes over time and is influenced by previous health care experience and education. This was evidenced in the different ratings of self-perceptions between novice and advanced students on the three TSET subscales: cognitive, practical, and affective. Gender, age, ethnicity, and income were not significant predictors on any of the subscales. The results supported a change in the expected direction on several scores, thus providing an estimate of construct validity. Implications for further research and applications are discussed.