Healing of chronic leg ulcers in diabetic necrobiosis lipoidica with local granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor treatment.

Two young insulin-dependent diabetic patients suffering from chronic nonhealing leg ulcers of necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum were treated by applying topically recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on the ulcer repetitively during 10 weeks. Evaluation of ulcer size was assessed with clinical examinations at 1-week or 2-week intervals. Topical GM-CSF healed the ulcers of both patients in 10 weeks. Decrease in the size of the ulcers was already evident after the first topical applications. During follow-up, the ulcers have remained healed for more than 3 years. This excellent treatment result suggests that topically applied GM-CSF may be a valuable drug for chronic, nonhealing ulcers in patients with diabetes.