An effective pre-operative chemoimmunotherapy regimen against advanced gallbladder carcinoma: a case report.

We designed a chemoimmunotherapy regimen with a single dose of mitomycin C (MMC) followed by subsequent OK-432 injections, since the ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) to generate OK-432 activated killer cells had previously been shown to be augmented by MMC in cancer patients. We herein report on a case with far advanced gallbladder carcinoma who demonstrated a remarkable response to this chemoimmunotherapy, and thus underwent a curative resection. A 67 year-old Japanese woman was diagnosed as having gallbladder carcinoma with invasion to the liver and portal vein, as well as obvious lymph node metastasis. Since these findings suggested the tumor to be unresectable at that time, our chemoimmunotherapy regimen with MMC and OK-432 was administered. After four courses of therapy, a computed tomography (CT) scan revealed the disappearance of both tumor invasion to the surrounding organs and lymph node metastasis, which therefore prompted us to attempt a radical tumor resection. The histology of the resected specimen revealed that the majority of cancer cells had been killed by the pre-operative therapy and that only remnants of viable cancer cells were found in a part of the neck of the gallbladder and in 2 regional lymph nodes. This experience thus suggests the effectiveness of our chemoimmunotherapy regimen against gallbladder carcinoma.