Planning reproductive health in conflict: a conceptual framework.

A conceptual framework for planning reproductive health services for refugees is presented for use by those involved in planning field activities. Secondary sources of data are recommended to describe pre-existing patterns and trends in reproductive health status and likely determinants of any change in status, for populations which have been subsequently affected by conflict. The interaction between these patterns and the conflict itself is then analyzed, taking into account the shift in health status and service availability as the conflict progresses through various recognized phases. The potential impact of conflict is thus hypothesized in order to make initial plans for incorporating reproductive health services into standard relief packages. Two case studies are presented: Rwanda demonstrates the use of the framework in a relatively short but dramatic conflict, for which there was also substantial prior evidence on reproductive health status; Cambodia is used, in contrast, to demonstrate the use of the framework in a much more complex conflict which has been occurring over the last 20 years.