OBJECTIVES: To describe and assess the efficacy for increased glandular destruction by using 6 to 8 cryoprobes in place of the traditional 5 probes. METHODS: In April 1996, a revised method for cryosurgery was begun that uses 6 to 8 cryoprobes, and by July 1997, 81 men had been treated. This group was compared retrospectively to our last 82 cases done before April 1996 using 5 cryoprobes. All cases were consecutive. To ensure that the groups were similar, comparison was performed of entrance prostate-specific antigen (PSA), clinical stage, and Gleason score. Six months after cryosurgery, PSA and residual epithelial acini were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The two groups were comparable for all the above parameters (P >0.05). The degree of overall glandular kill was greater for the 6 to 8-probe method (P = 0.023). Complete glandular ablation for the 5-probe and 6 to 8-probe methods was 39% and 53%, respectively, and the difference was not significant (P = 0.072). However, when one combined the complete glandular ablation group with the none to few residual acini group, 67.5% for the 5-probe method and 88.9% for the 6 to 8-probe method, a significant difference was found (P = 0.001). The odds of having many remaining acini versus having none to few were 3.5 times greater in the 5-probe group than in the 6 to 8-probe group. The mean and median PSA for the 5- and 6 to 8-probe groups were 0.19 and 0.1 versus 0.11 and 0.07 ng/mL, respectively, a significant difference (P = 0.02). No difference was found in rates of tumor persistence or complications. CONCLUSIONS: A revised method for cryosurgery using 6 to 8 cryoprobes has proved to be more effective for near-glandular ablation than the traditional 5-probe method. It was easily applied, had a wide margin of safety, and even shortened learning time. These innovations have permitted a closer approach to the goal of complete glandular destruction.
OBJECTIVES: To describe and assess the efficacy for increased glandular destruction by using 6 to 8 cryoprobes in place of the traditional 5 probes. METHODS: In April 1996, a revised method for cryosurgery was begun that uses 6 to 8 cryoprobes, and by July 1997, 81 men had been treated. This group was compared retrospectively to our last 82 cases done before April 1996 using 5 cryoprobes. All cases were consecutive. To ensure that the groups were similar, comparison was performed of entrance prostate-specific antigen (PSA), clinical stage, and Gleason score. Six months after cryosurgery, PSA and residual epithelial acini were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The two groups were comparable for all the above parameters (P >0.05). The degree of overall glandular kill was greater for the 6 to 8-probe method (P = 0.023). Complete glandular ablation for the 5-probe and 6 to 8-probe methods was 39% and 53%, respectively, and the difference was not significant (P = 0.072). However, when one combined the complete glandular ablation group with the none to few residual acini group, 67.5% for the 5-probe method and 88.9% for the 6 to 8-probe method, a significant difference was found (P = 0.001). The odds of having many remaining acini versus having none to few were 3.5 times greater in the 5-probe group than in the 6 to 8-probe group. The mean and median PSA for the 5- and 6 to 8-probe groups were 0.19 and 0.1 versus 0.11 and 0.07 ng/mL, respectively, a significant difference (P = 0.02). No difference was found in rates of tumor persistence or complications. CONCLUSIONS: A revised method for cryosurgery using 6 to 8 cryoprobes has proved to be more effective for near-glandular ablation than the traditional 5-probe method. It was easily applied, had a wide margin of safety, and even shortened learning time. These innovations have permitted a closer approach to the goal of complete glandular destruction.
Authors: Farid G Mitri; Brian J Davis; Azra Alizad; James F Greenleaf; Torrence M Wilson; Lance A Mynderse; Mostafa Fatemi Journal: IEEE Trans Biomed Eng Date: 2008-11 Impact factor: 4.538
Authors: Ardeshir R Rastinehad; Harry Anastos; Ethan Wajswol; Jared S Winoker; John P Sfakianos; Sai K Doppalapudi; Michael R Carrick; Cynthia J Knauer; Bachir Taouli; Sara C Lewis; Ashutosh K Tewari; Jon A Schwartz; Steven E Canfield; Arvin K George; Jennifer L West; Naomi J Halas Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2019-08-26 Impact factor: 11.205