Management of gunshot wounds: the Johannesburg experience.

The Johannesburg hospitals see large numbers of gunshot wounds and there is, therefore, considerable experience in their management. Historically, management has been dictated by experimental theories of wounding mechanisms. More modern work has indicated that some of these theories have been somewhat misleading, and some traditional means of management have changed. The basic military surgical lessons of the excision of dead tissue, delayed primary suture remain valid, it is the understanding of tissue damage and the more logical response which has changed. It is the wound as encountered which is managed, irrespective or the theoretical velocity of the bullet. The Johannesburg practice is outlined with regard to regions of the body, with discussion of, among others, the conservative management of gunshot wounds of the abdomen, primary repair of the colon, non operative management of certain limb wounds. The practice is summarised, based on considerable experience and the logistic implications of large numbers and may be useful to surgeons less experienced in gunshot wound management.