Case report. Cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Cladosporium oxysporum.

The case of a 66-year-old woman with Cushing syndrome and a 1-year history of papulo-nodular lesions on the right leg is reported. Biopsy revealed septate hyphae and yeast-like cells in granulomatous dermo-hypodermal lesions. Culture of biopsy fragments on Sabouraud glucose agar without cycloheximide produced colonies that were olive green on top and greenish black underneath. On the basis of microscope findings and scanning electron microscopy observation of fragments of colonies, a diagnosis of cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis due to Cladosporium oxysporum was made. The patient was initially treated with itraconazole, which led to clinical improvement, but mycological recovery was obtained after a course of ketoconazole, made necessary by the presence of pituitary adenoma. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis due to Cl. oxysporum.