Middle ear reconstructive techniques.

Middle ear reconstructive techniques have increased to such an extent that the otolaryngologist is faced with a bewildering number of surgical options. The literature, however, has yet to demonstrate any technique to be optimal in every surgical scenario. This is because of the lack of direct comparisons between techniques and dissimilar criteria for measuring success. This article uses hearing results and the ability to resist extrusion as the principle measures of success, and provides middle ear reconstructive techniques proven to be successful for commonly faced surgical dilemmas.