Posterior C1-C2 transarticular screw fixation in the treatment of displaced type II odontoid fractures in the geriatric population--review of seven cases.

BACKGROUND: Seven geriatric patients presented with displaced Type II odontoid fractures. All patients underwent a posterior C1-C2 transarticular fixation between November 1994 and December 1996. Ages ranged between 63 and 88 years.
METHODS: Fractures were treated with placement of bilateral transarticular screws, allowing immediate fixation, except in one patient, for whom only a unilateral screw was used. An autograft interspinous strut was also placed, allowing three-point fixation. Mean follow-up was 10.6 months.
RESULTS: Six patients received rigid fixation and developed a stable union. One patient died before any follow-up could be obtained. Two other patients died within 1 year of unrelated causes. The remaining four patients remain active and independent. One intraoperative vertebral artery injury was identified. No clinical sequalae were noted.
CONCLUSION: Posterior transarticular screw fixation is a reasonable option in treating these controversial fractures. Seven geriatric patients tolerated this surgery well, and were mobilized early, avoiding complications related to external immobilization.