Basic fibroblast growth factor enhances axonal sprouting after cortical injury in rats.

The trophic factors responsible for initiating and guiding the outgrowth of axons have proven to be elusive throughout most of this century. Entorhinal cortex injury, which denervates the hippocampal formation of rats, induces axonal sprouting by several surviving hippocampal afferents and results in a significant elevation of growth factors, one of which is basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). The possibility that bFGF may regulate lesion-induced hippocampal sprouting was examined by making i.v. bFGF infusions into rats with unilateral entorhinal lesions. Basic FGF treatment significantly increased sprouting by the cholinergic septodentate pathway. Thus, the increase in bFGF following central nervous system injury may signal its role in the regulation of injury-related axonal remodeling of a cholinergic pathway.