Transcriptional regulation in B cell differentiation.

B cell development is a multistage differentiation process that ultimately generates antibody-secreting plasma cells. This model developmental pathway is governed by a choreographed pattern of expression from genes encoding stage and lineage-specific proteins. This is achieved by the interaction of distinct transcription factors with regulatory elements, placing these proteins in a central position in B cell ontogeny. The importance of distinct transcription factors is also supported by the notion that B cell development is disrupted in mice bearing homozygous null alleles of certain factors involved in the control of B-cell-specific genes. In this review we compare and contrast the transcriptional regulation of well-studied B lymphoid restricted genes, on a gene by gene basis, focusing on the functional structure of transcription control regions and interacting transcription factors.