Treatment for MICAs: design and implementation of the modified TC.

This article describes the main features of an innovative therapeutic community (TC) model adapted for use with mentally ill chemical abusers (MICAs). It describes the rationale for use of the modified TC with MICAs, the treatment structure and environment created, the essential components of the modified TC program, staffing, and the process and goals of client change. Details are given regarding issues and strategies for the implementation of the new program in terms of program planning, staff training, and system initiation. Evaluation data from the authors' research is summarized to support the adoption of the modified TC model. The article makes clear the feasibility of a modified TC model of established effectiveness with a MICA population. This model has now been successfully introduced into mental health, drug treatment, shelter, and correctional settings.