Five-year 224-patient prospective histological study of clinical applications using a synthetic bone alloplast.

Clinical and histologic evaluations of a synthetic bone were performed in 224 patients in a well monitored environment. This material (Bioplant HTR, Bioplant Inc., South Norwalk, CT) was used to obliterate cysts, treat periodontal defects, correct jawbone contours and deficiencies, and gain sufficient support for the placement of dental implants in maxillary subantral augmentation. Implants were positioned either at the time of the synthetic bone graft or after the new supporting tissue was formed. Evidence of new bone formation between the synthetic granules and host tissue was observed during histological examinations. After the material was placed, tissue that could strengthen and augment the inferior wall of the maxillary sinus formed in 3 months. This was observed both clinically and radiographically. After 8 to 12 months, this tissue provided sufficient hard tissue support for the placement of dental implants. This clinical study reconfirmed the applicability of a synthetic bone for bone replacement and augmentation in oral and maxillofacial surgery. No complications caused by infection, inflammation, or rejection of the implanted graft material were observed.