Effects of ethacrynic acid on intraocular pressure of anesthetized rats.

Ethacrynic acid (ECA) lowers intraocular pressure (i.o.p.) by an effect usually ascribed to increased drainage of aqueous humor by the trabecular meshwork. Here, we describe the effects of a continuous 2-hr intracameral infusion of balanced salt solution (BSS), with or without 2 mM ECA (sodium salt), on IOP of pentobarbital anesthetized rats. The infusion was divided into a constant (0.05 microliter/min) and a periodic (0.25 microliter/min) component that cycled 4 min on then 4 min off. This permitted the calculation of dynamic changes in resistive (trabecular and uveoslceral drainage) and nonresistive (aqueous synthesis, episcleral venous pressure) components of IOP by fitting a second-order transfer function to the responses. ECA markedly blunted the BSS-induced rise in IOP (P < 0.01). The rise in resistive mechanisms (ocular impedance) was transiently blunted by ECA (P < 0.05) during the third and fourth 8-min cycles, and nonresistive mechanisms were reduced by ECA from cycles 3-10 (P < 0.05). Then, at the end of the infusion, the control and ECA dynamic values were similar (P < 0.05), although IOP of ECA-treated rats was still slightly reduced (P < 0.05). The most likely explanation is a summation of small changes in both resistive and nonresistive components of IOP dynamics. Systemic blood pressure was unchanged within either group. The well-known effects of ECA on the trabecular meshwork, alone, are insufficient to explain the dynamic changes in IOP observed in this model.