PURPOSE: To identify adrenergic receptor subtypes and their relative distribution in the retractor muscles of the upper eyelid, the levator palpebrae superioris, and the Müller muscle. The pattern of distribution of these receptors in the Müller muscle was further compared in patients with dysthyroid eyelid retraction and in normal subjects. METHODS: Müller muscle specimens were collected from 19 patients undergoing ptosis correction and from 8 patients undergoing repair of dysthyroid eyelid retraction. Immunohistochemical staining for alpha 1-, alpha 2-, beta 1-, and beta 2-adrenergic receptors was performed using antihuman rabbit polyclonal antibodies. RESULTS: alpha 2-Adrenergic receptors were the predominant subtype in the Müller muscle, and beta 1-adrenergic receptors were the predominant subtype in the levator muscle. There was no significant difference in the staining pattern between specimens collected from patients with dysthyroid eyelid retraction and those from normal subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The interaction between the alpha 2 and beta 1 receptors in the upper eyelid retractor muscles may be important in the control of the upper eyelid position and may contribute to the development of dysthyroid eyelid retraction. Specific alpha 2 antagonists could be developed and may be effective pharmacologic agents for the treatment of eyelid retraction.
PURPOSE: To identify adrenergic receptor subtypes and their relative distribution in the retractor muscles of the upper eyelid, the levator palpebrae superioris, and the Müller muscle. The pattern of distribution of these receptors in the Müller muscle was further compared in patients with dysthyroid eyelid retraction and in normal subjects. METHODS: Müller muscle specimens were collected from 19 patients undergoing ptosis correction and from 8 patients undergoing repair of dysthyroid eyelid retraction. Immunohistochemical staining for alpha 1-, alpha 2-, beta 1-, and beta 2-adrenergic receptors was performed using antihuman rabbit polyclonal antibodies. RESULTS: alpha 2-Adrenergic receptors were the predominant subtype in the Müller muscle, and beta 1-adrenergic receptors were the predominant subtype in the levator muscle. There was no significant difference in the staining pattern between specimens collected from patients with dysthyroid eyelid retraction and those from normal subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The interaction between the alpha 2 and beta 1 receptors in the upper eyelid retractor muscles may be important in the control of the upper eyelid position and may contribute to the development of dysthyroid eyelid retraction. Specific alpha 2 antagonists could be developed and may be effective pharmacologic agents for the treatment of eyelid retraction.
Authors: David L Wirta; Michael S Korenfeld; Shane Foster; Robert Smyth-Medina; Jason Bacharach; Shane R Kannarr; Mark J Jaros; Charles B Slonim Journal: Clin Ophthalmol Date: 2021-10-08
Authors: Thomas Arendt Nielsen; Carl Uggerhøj Andersen; Henrik Vorum; Sam Riahi; Rok Sega; Asbjørn Mohr Drewes; Jesper Karmisholt; Poul Erik Jakobsen; Birgitte Brock; Christina Brock Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2022-08-02 Impact factor: 4.925
Authors: Jason Bacharach; David L Wirta; Robert Smyth-Medina; Michael S Korenfeld; Shane R Kannarr; Shane Foster; Mark J Jaros; Charles B Slonim Journal: Clin Ophthalmol Date: 2021-06-25