A new technique for performing Syed template interstitial implants for anterior vaginal tumors using an open retropubic approach.

The Syed template (Alpha-Omega Services, Bellflower, CA) has been established as an advance in interstitial gynecologic brachytherapy. Unfortunately, enthusiasm for the technique is often tempered by certain tumor geometries which require blind insertion of the interstitial needles, potentially risking inaccurate placement of the radioactive sources and viscus perforation. These concerns arise particularly in the management of anterior vaginal tumors where difficulties in negotiating the pubic arch can prevent optimal needle placement. In answer to this problem, a technique utilizing an open retropubic approach for Syed template interstitial implants in anterior vaginal tumors under direct visualization is described. To date, six procedures have been performed. The disease entities include advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma of the vagina, recurrent vaginal carcinoma, recurrent endometrial carcinoma, and urethral adenocarcinoma. Complete response was noted in five of six patients but persistent local control of disease was achieved in only one of five complete responses over a relatively short follow-up interval. Complications included paravaginal abscess (n = 1), postoperative deep venous thrombosis (n = 1), abdominal incision cellulitis (n = 1), and radiation enteritis (n = 1). An open retropubic approach allows direct visualization of the bladder and urethra during interstitial implantation of anterior vaginal malignancies and facilitates negotiation of the pubic arch. In our experience, this technique results in improved needle positioning and is thus intuitively likely to aid in avoiding injury to surrounding normal tissues. Additional accrual of a larger cohort will be necessary to arrive at any meaningful objective conclusions regarding the technique's benefit over current modalities. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.