Provider-reported illness and absence due to illness among children attending child-care homes and centers in San Diego, Calif.

PURPOSE: To compare the incidence of provider-reported illness and absence due to illness among children attending small child-care homes, large child-care homes, and child care centers in a large metropolitan area.
METHODS: From July 6, 1992, through January 28, 1994, we collected information from child-care providers on illness and absence due to illness at 64 small and 58 large child-care homes and 41 child-care centers. This included 113 446 child-weeks of information on 5360 children.
RESULTS: Providers reported 14 474 illness episodes (6.6 episodes per child-year) and 8593 days of absence due to illness (3.9 days per child-year). The incidence of illness episodes was greatest in children who were younger than 1 year, white, or enrolled in small child-care homes. The incidence of absence due to illness was greatest in children who were 1 year of age, Hispanic, or enrolled in child-care centers. Respiratory symptoms were most commonly associated with illness episodes and absence due to illness.
CONCLUSIONS: Children in child-care homes had a greater incidence of provider-reported illness than did those in centers. This risk varied by the type of facility and was greatest in small child-care homes. The increased risk for absence due to illness among children in child-care centers reflects exclusion and attendance patterns. It may be possible to reduce the incidence of absence due to illness and subsequent economic impact of child-care-associated illness by educating providers on exclusion guidelines.