Utility of endoscopic ultrasonography in assessing the indications for endoscopic surgery of submucosal esophageal tumors.

BACKGROUND: The submucosal tumor (SMT) of the esophagus presents good indications for minimal invasive surgery, such as endoscopic or thoracoscopic resection. However, it is essential that the layer of origin be ascertained. The SMT can be detected as hypoechoic lesions in the wall of the esophagus, and the intramural location can be estimated in terms of destruction or deviation of the ultrasonic layer structure of the esophagus.
METHODS: To test the efficacy of this approach, a series of patients were examined by an endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS).
RESULTS: In one patient, the lesion was diagnosed as located in the muscularis mucosa, and endoscopic resection was performed. In another four patients, the lesions appeared to be in the proper muscle layer, and enucleation was carried out under thoracoscopy or open surgery. Histologically, all of the lesions were leiomyomas, and the EUS diagnosis was correct in all of the patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the intramural condition of SMTs can be estimated and indications for endoscopic or thoracoscopic resection assessed by this approach.