Analysis of pancreatic development using a cell lineage label.

We have devised a new culture system for in vitro culture of pancreatic buds from mouse embryos which enables the organ to grow as a flat branched structure suitable for wholemount immunostaining. This system has been used to analyze pancreatic development. We have also used the ROSA-26 gene trap mouse strain as a source of tissue which expresses lacZ in a stable manner, in all cell types, during in vitro culture. Combinations of lacZ epithelium and unlabeled mesenchyme show that both exocrine and endocrine cells arise from the epithelium, and smooth muscle cells from the mesenchyme. Although previously suspected, this is the first formal proof that both exocrine and endocrine cells are of endodermal origin. Combinations of lacZ epithelium with unlabeled stomach mesenchyme give similar results and show that stomach mesenchyme has the same trophic effect as pancreatic mesenchyme. When a lacZ and an unlabeled epithelium are combined with an unlabeled mesenchyme, both acini and islets in the resulting culture can be of mixed cell composition. This shows that neither of the chief structural units of the pancreas is formed by clonal growth from a single cell. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.