PURPOSE: In patients with superficial bladder cancer treated with a first 6-week instillation course of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) the induction pattern of urinary interleukin (IL)-2 has been described, and the levels of urinary IL-2 were associated with the clinical response to BCG treatment. We evaluated urinary IL-2 kinetics in patients with recurrent superficial bladder tumor receiving a second or third 6-week BCG instillation course. To our knowledge there have been no studies of prolonged BCG treatment and urinary cytokine responses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Urinary IL-2 was determined in 12 patients with superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder receiving a complete (6-week) second or third BCG instillation course and in 3 patients receiving 3 BCG instillations during a maintenance schedule at month 3. Urinary IL-2 was determined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an oligoclonal system. RESULTS: Of 12 patients 10 had a urinary IL-2 positive response during the subsequent BCG course and at week 1 urinary IL-2 was already increased. Comparing the urinary IL-2 kinetics observed during a second or third with a first course, urinary IL-2 tended to be higher during the first and lower during the last weeks. If the interval between subsequent courses was short (12 months or less) significantly higher urinary IL-2 levels at weeks 1 and 2, and a lower level at week 6 were observed. CONCLUSIONS: During a repeat BCG instillation course urinary IL-2 reached a maximum at an earlier week, especially if the interval between the subsequent courses was short. Since an association between urinary IL-2 levels and response to BCG treatment during an induction course has been observed, these immunological data argue in favor of a limited number of instillations during prolonged BCG therapy which could reduce side effects as well as costs.
PURPOSE: In patients with superficial bladder cancer treated with a first 6-week instillation course of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) the induction pattern of urinary interleukin (IL)-2 has been described, and the levels of urinary IL-2 were associated with the clinical response to BCG treatment. We evaluated urinary IL-2 kinetics in patients with recurrent superficial bladder tumor receiving a second or third 6-week BCG instillation course. To our knowledge there have been no studies of prolonged BCG treatment and urinary cytokine responses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Urinary IL-2 was determined in 12 patients with superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder receiving a complete (6-week) second or third BCG instillation course and in 3 patients receiving 3 BCG instillations during a maintenance schedule at month 3. Urinary IL-2 was determined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an oligoclonal system. RESULTS: Of 12 patients 10 had a urinary IL-2 positive response during the subsequent BCG course and at week 1 urinary IL-2 was already increased. Comparing the urinary IL-2 kinetics observed during a second or third with a first course, urinary IL-2 tended to be higher during the first and lower during the last weeks. If the interval between subsequent courses was short (12 months or less) significantly higher urinary IL-2 levels at weeks 1 and 2, and a lower level at week 6 were observed. CONCLUSIONS: During a repeat BCG instillation course urinary IL-2 reached a maximum at an earlier week, especially if the interval between the subsequent courses was short. Since an association between urinary IL-2 levels and response to BCG treatment during an induction course has been observed, these immunological data argue in favor of a limited number of instillations during prolonged BCG therapy which could reduce side effects as well as costs.
Authors: J Alfred Witjes; Guido Dalbagni; Robert J Karnes; Shahrokh Shariat; Steven Joniau; Joan Palou; Vincenzo Serretta; Stéphane Larré; Savino di Stasi; Renzo Colombo; Marek Babjuk; Per-Uno Malmström; Nuria Malats; Jacques Irani; Jack Baniel; Tommaso Cai; Eugene Cha; Peter Ardelt; John Varkarakis; Riccardo Bartoletti; Martin Spahn; Francesca Pisano; Paolo Gontero; Richard Sylvester Journal: Urol Oncol Date: 2016-09-14 Impact factor: 3.498
Authors: Tom J H Arends; Johannes Falke; Rianne J M Lammers; Diederik M Somford; Jan C M Hendriks; Mirjam C A de Weijert; Harm C Arentsen; Antoine G van der Heijden; Egbert Oosterwijk; J Alfred Witjes Journal: World J Urol Date: 2014-12-10 Impact factor: 4.226
Authors: Jelmer H van Puffelen; Samuel T Keating; Egbert Oosterwijk; Antoine G van der Heijden; Mihai G Netea; Leo A B Joosten; Sita H Vermeulen Journal: Nat Rev Urol Date: 2020-07-16 Impact factor: 14.432
Authors: Evan Gomes-Giacoia; Makito Miyake; Steve Goodison; Aravindhan Sriharan; Ge Zhang; Lijing You; Jack O Egan; Peter R Rhode; Alexander S Parker; Karl X Chai; Hing C Wong; Charles J Rosser Journal: PLoS One Date: 2014-06-04 Impact factor: 3.240